CrEaTiVe AcCoUnTiNg

Creative accounting, also called aggressive accounting, is the manipulation of financial numbers, usually within the letter of the law and accounting standards, but very much against their spirit and certainly not providing the "true and fair" view of a company that accounts are supposed to.

A typical aim of creative accounting will be to inflate profit figures. Some companies may also reduce reported profits in good years to smooth results. Assets and liabilities may also be manipulated, either to remain within limits such as debt covenants, or to hide problems.

Typical creative accounting tricks include off balance sheet financing, over-optimistic revenue recognition and the use of exaggerated non-recurring items.

The term "window dressing" has similar meaning when applied to accounts, but is a broader term that can be applied to other areas. In the US it is often used to describe the manipulation of investment portfolio performance numbers. In the context of accounts, "window dressing" is more likely than "creative accounting" to imply illegal or fraudulent practices, but it need to do so.

The techniques of creative accounting change over time. As accounting standards change, the techniques that will work change too. Many changes in accounting standards are meant to block particular ways of manipulating accounts, which means that those who intent on creative accounting need to find new ways of doing things. At the same time, other, well intentioned, changes in accounting standards open up new opportunities for creative accounting (the use of fair value is a good example of this).

Many (but not all) creative accounting techniques change the main numbers shown in the financial statements, but make themselves evident elsewhere, most often in the notes to the accounts. The market has been surprised before by bad news hidden in the notes, so diligent approach can give you an edge.

~credits to moneyterms.co.uk~

Accountants Love

In the journal paper of my heart,
I have written a journal entry.
Debiting your love and your affection.
Darling you write the narration,
Your first love, I had already adjusted
On the ledger-folio column,
Any way our relations are true assets
On double-entry system
I cannot survive without you,
You are my Working Capital
You are the Asset of my life, without any
corresponding Liability
Even an Accountant Wonders How and Why??
In addition, our love is true real and tangible
You debit-what comes in,
I credit-what goes out.
Your beauty is the capital of business.
My eyes are stock in trade.
Let us enter into transaction,
You secretly give me a trade discount,
I openly give you a cash discount
And thus my partner,
Our trading and profit-loss account will show super profit
My dear let us re-concile,
all our errors and total the trial balance of our affairs
arithmetically without maintaining any suspense account.
In the balance sheet of our life
Our children will be our true assets and liabilities
If they are boys, they will be our sundry debtors
If they are girls, they will be our sundry creditors
But if we have a boy and a girl,
Our balance sheet will tally automatically.

assalamualaikum dan salam sejahtera...

sudah 2 minggu kita sudah menempuh minggu peperiksaan...

dan tinggal seminggu lagi untuk kita terus berjuang untuk peperiksaan akhir...

so, all the best untuk kengkawan sume....

paper yang dah lepas jangan difikirkan lagi...

teruskan usaha untuk paper yang akan datang pula...

www.latestgreetingcards.com

6 tips to beat final exam stress

Have you ever seen a stress-free college student? I haven’t, unless you count the freshmen who mess up the first half of the semester, say “screw it” to the rest and never attend class again. But that’s not what I’m talking about here.

Stress is a huge part of the college experience, and it’s something we all have to deal with in life. We don’t, however, have to let it get the best of us.

This may come as a shock, but stress DOES NOT have to take over your life, no matter how many finals you have. You can still do well on your tests without wanting to die for an entire week.

I know this is a fashion site, but it’s also a site about college life, and finals are a huge part of that. Here are my top tips for keeping stress at a minimum during your hectic final exams week that is probably happening right now or very soon at your school.

Just for the record, these tips actually work, and the list doesn’t include any cliche’ crap that doesn’t, like “deep breathing exercises”.


1. Avoid stressful people.

Stress actually is contagious. During exam week, resist the urge to have a study session with your super-tense friend, especially if she’s complaining about all the work she has to do and breaking pencils all over the place. Her stress will only add to your stress.

2. Eat healthy and exercise.

This seems like a no-brainer, but it’s a wonder how many people forget it. Skip the sugar, which will make you crash, and go for snacks like granola bars, healthy cereal or fruits and veggies to keep your blood sugar stable. If you’re studying for a long period of time, eat some protein too. Also, try to get some form of exercise. Even a 10 minute walk will leave you calmer and more focused.

3. Just say NO.

I don’t mean to drugs, although I’m not recommending them or anything. What you need to say no to are the people who want to take up your time. There will probably be a friend who needs to talk to you for hours about her life, or a keg party the night before your final, and if you say yes, you’ll probably be tempted to blow off studying. Resist the urge. Say no to the distractions and be selfish for a day. You want a good GPA, right?

4. Force yourself to take breaks.

For every hour or so that you work, take a 10 or 15 minute break. Let yourself do whatever you want (check Facebook, check out that guy sitting nearby, stare off into space, call a friend, etc.) for those 10-15 mins, then start working again. This gives your brain a little rest and will help keep you more focused when you are actually doing work.

5. Visualize it all going right.

This is actually my favorite tip of all, even though it sounds kind of nuts. Imagine yourself taking the test and feeling confident that you know all the information. Picture getting all of the answers right, and focus on how relaxed you feel. Then picture the A on your test paper. When you imagine a happy ending, that’s often what happens, because you make the decisions that lead to it without even realizing.

6. If you’ve studied all you can, get up your confidence!

When test-time rolls around, it’s time to get yourself into confidence mode. You’ve prepared as much as you could, and now it’s time to ace the test. The tip here is to do whatever works to convince yourself you are going to do really well. Again, I know this tip sounds a little crazy but you just have to try it for yourself. I think you’ll like the results.

What do you think?

Do you like these tips? Do you think they’d work for you? Do you do anything similar when you study? Let me know your thoughts in the comments!

RaHSia

RAHSIA SURAH YASSIN AYAT KE 58


Barangsiapa yang membaca YAASIN sepenuhnya dan pada ayat ke 58 surah tersebut "SALAAMUN QAULAN MIN RABBIN RAHIM" diulang sebanyak 7 kali untuk 7 niat baikmu, Insya Allah dengan izin Yang Maha Esa dan Maha Kuasa, semua hajatmu akan dikabulkan.
Jika boleh niatkan sebegini:

1) YA-ALLAH YA-RAHIM, ampunkan dosa-dosaku dan saudara-maraku
2) YA-ALLAH YA-RAHMAN, kurniakan aku isteri,suami,anak-anak yang soleh
dan mencintai islam
3) YA-ALLAH YA-RAZZAK, kurniakan aku rezeki yang berkat,kerja yang baik
dan berjaya didunia dan akhirat.
4) YA-ALLAH YA-JABBAR, makbulkan hajat penghantar maklumat yang aku
dapat ini
5) YA-ALLAH YA-MUTAQABBIR, jauhkan aku dari sifat khianat dan munafiq
dan miskin
6) YA-ALLAH YA-WADUUD, kurniakan aku dan seluruh umat Muhammad yang
beriman kesihatan zahir batin
7) YA-ALLAH YA-ZALJALA LIWAL IKRAM, makbulkanlah semua hajatku, dan
redhaikanlah aku.....

AMINnnnn.

senarai kursus untuk join CIMA

COURSE SYLLABUS
There are 5 modules that make up the CIMA Certificate in Business Accounting. They are;

•Cost Determination
•Cost Behaviour and Break Even Analysis
•Standard Costing
•Costing and Accounting Systems
•Financial Planning and Control
Paper CO1 - Fundamentals of
Management Accounting
•Conceptual and Regulatory Framework
•Accounting Systems
•Control of Accounting Systems
•Preparation of Accounts for Single Entities
Paper CO2 - Fundamentals of Financial
Accounting
•Basic Mathematics
•Probability
•Summarising and Analysing Data
•Inter-relationships between Variables
•Forecasting
•Financial Mathematics
•Spreadsheets
Paper CO3 - Fundamentals of Business
Mathematics
•The Goals and Decisions of Organisations
•The Market System and the Competitive Process
•The Financial System
•The Macroeconomic Context of Business
Paper CO4 - Fundamentals of Business
Economics
•Ethics and Business
•Ethical Conflict
•Corporate Governance
•Comparison of English Law with Alternative 1
•Legal Systems
•The Law of Contract
•The Law of Employment
•Company Administration and Finance

Paper CO5 - Fundamentals of Ethics,
Corporate Governance anENTRY REQUIREMENTS
Entry is open to all, regardless of your financial knowledge. All you require is a passion to succeed in business and be competent in Mathematics and the English Language.
For those entering the programme after a university degree, exemptions from one or more of the modules may be granted.
You may enquire at www.cimaglobal.com/certexemptions CIMA
CIMA, the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants, is an internationally recognised professional body that supports over 155,000 students and members in 158 countries. CIMA is responsible for the education and qualification of Chartered Management Accountants who work in all business sectors, in roles both within and outside finance. Chartered Management Accountants look forward; they are at the heart of businesses, evaluating and interpreting financial information and making strategic decisions about the future direction of organisations.
www.stamfordonline.com.my
CERTIFICATE IN BUSINESS ACCOUNTING
A Stepping Stone to Become A Chartered Management Accountant
CIMA FEES
Course Fee : RM1,700
Examination Fee : RM2,200 (Payable to CIMA when the student signs up for the examination).
MODE OF PAYMENT
• Please make cheque payable to: Stamford College Group Sdn. Bhd. or
• Bank in amount to CIMB Bank Berhad, account number 1274-0000-745052 and fax us the bank-in slip
• Credit card payment is also available.

Jokes on exam

My nights are going sleepless,
my days are going useless. So I asked GOD,
is this love?". GOD replied, "no dear, result is near".

***************

Human brain is the most outstanding object in world.
It functions 24hrs a day, 365days a year.
It functions right from the time we are born
and stop only when we enter the examination hall.

***************

The Law Says
If U Can't Convince Someone, Confuse Them!
Do U Know Which Law It Is?
This Is "Law Of Answering In Examination".

***************

To be a "Good professional", always start 2 study late for "Exams".
Because it teaches how to manage "Time" and tackle "Emergencies".

***************

A father asks peon: How are the studies in this college? Where do I see my son in future?
Peon: The future iz bright, I had also completed my engineering from the same college!

***************

It takes 15 trees 2
produce da amount
of paper that we
use 2 write 1 exam.
join us in promoting da noble
cause of saving trees.
SAY NO 2 EXAMS

***************

Exams are like Girl friends
Too many questions
Difficult to understand
More explanation is needed
Result is always fail!

***************

Congratulations!
Gud news for Lahore University students
Exams hav beeen postponed up to Dec
2 confirm go to site
www.stop dreaming and start studying.org

GOOD LUCK, everybody !!!!

To accomplish great things,
We must not only act,
But also dream,
Not only plan but also believe,
Best wishes for your exam.

The most difficult person to FACE in life is yourself.

A GRATEFUL heart is the cure for loneliness.

Do not judge the FUTURE by the past.

Never stop reaching for the GOAL in front.

Hold on to your BELIEF, then you will overcome difficulties.

TRIVIALITIES* can accumulate to an important episode.

Kind DEEDS can bring good returns.

DREAM is our motivation in life.

WISDOM is to understand that the world is ever-changing.

SINCERITY is a natural spring of water.

Danger brings us TRUE friends.

SMILE is the first step of a new life.

Be S.M.A.R.T.

Do you want to make this year your GREATEST ever??

Then be S.M.A.R.T.


Determine what you value the most, and set your goals to achieve what you want using the S.M.A.R.T. method.


Make your goals, Specific. Measurable, Attainable, R ealistic and Timely.

For goals to become real to you, you need to write them down so you can see them.


Then go the extra step and share your goals with someone.... ..

Someone with a positive attitude and a belief in you.

Someone who knows you can do anything you make up your mind to do!

Cognitive Skills Required for Accountants

We always wonder what it takes to be good accountants. To those who knows about then it should be no problem. But what about others who still looking for the answer how to be great accountant? With versatile nature of accounting nowadays, persons with an interest in accounting need to develop their cognitive skills to compete with others. Here are some tips that you can take to be like one;

1. KNOWLEDGE: ability to remember previously learned material such as specifics, criteria, techniques, principles, and procedures (e.g., identify, define, list)
2. COMPREHENSION: ability to grasp and interpret the meaning of material (e.g., classify, explain, distinguish between)
3. APPLICATION: ability to use learned material in new and concrete situations e.g., demonstrate, predict, solve)
4. ANALYSIS: ability to break down material into its component parts so that its organizational structure can be understood; ability to recognize causal relationships, discriminate between behavior mechanisms, and identify elements that are relevant to the validation of a judgment (e.g., differentiate, estimate, order)
5. SYNTHESIS: ability to put parts together to form a new whole or proposed set of operations; ability to relate ideas and formulate hypotheses (e.g., combine, formulate, revise)
6. EVALUATION: ability to judge the value of material for a given purpose on the basis of consistency, logical accuracy, and comparison to standards; ability to appraise judgments involved in the selection of a course of action (e.g., criticize, justify, conclude)

In addition, persons with an interest in accounting have to develop a number of other competencies including communication, leadership, decision-making, teamwork, technology, and learning to learn.

The focus of accounting continues to shift from a process of knowing to a process of having access to information and knowing how to use the information creatively to solve problems. The change in accounting education has been from teaching to learning and thinking, and from passive learning (teacher-centered) to active learning (student-centered).

Thats all for today. Hope this tips will help us build our skills in order to be great accountants to be. Wish all accounting students in UKM have a best of luck during this exam week. Tension always be around us but don't make it go to the wrong way. Make it positive tension.

Wish all of you a very good luck in exam. Do you best guys.

Simple Yet Fun :)

Too much study and not enough play are good for no one. Well we all know that a little desk - relaxation can makes all of us more focused. More relaxed mind can give and receive more input than those who are not.

So try to visit AccountancyAge.com for a little relaxing moment. There are a few games that we can enjoy.


In celebration of green section, pursued more sensibly elsewhere, launch a Gas Guzzler across Salisbury Plain.

Because we know how to treat serious issues trivially, we bring you Crisis Management. You play an executive dodging the fraud, angry shareholders and non-execs who want you out.



And last, but by no means least, we have Tax Revolt. It's your chance to stun Chancellor Alistair Darling with the ferocity of your argument.
It really is as simple as that. Do visit www.accountancyage.com now. Enjoy!

TOP UNIVERSITIES IN UK FOR ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE DEGREE COURSES 2009

Rank University

1) The University of Warwick
2) London School of Economics
3)University of Exeter
4) Loughborough University
5) The University of Edinburgh
6) The University of Manchester
7) The University of Strathclyde
8) University of Glasgow
9) Lancaster University
10) City University London

Zooming in on accountancy

By ALYCIA LIM

educate@thestar.com.my

MALAYSIA has set its sights on becoming a hub for accountancy studies following the Higher Education Ministry’s commitment and interest to work with the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) Malaysia, to attract more international students.

Deputy higher education minister Dr Hou Kok Chung who recently spoke at the national education forum held by the ACCA, said that the Ministry was keen to work not only with the association, but with the private sector and other relevant organisations to ensure that those seeking internationally-certified programmes and qualifications pertaining to accountancy, would make Malaysia their first choice.

It is a “national objective” that we hope top achieve.

The forum with the theme “The way forward: Developing Malaysia as an accountancy education hub”, brought together academics and professionals to discuss issues, challenges and opportunities on developing Malaysia as the centre in the accounting field.

ACCA Malaysia country head Jennifer Lopez said that there are currently 19 institutions in Malaysia approved under the ACCA, and only those which have gone through a quality check and up to global standards, would be approved.

“We are very serious about making sure approved institutions are of a high standard globally ... it is not enough to gauge the quality of education by local standards only.”

She said that if the country was serious about wanting international recognition, then it must be ready to compete in a level playing field.

Dr Hou said that as Malaysia strived to move up the value chain, “grooming world-class human capital such as financial professionals through talent development programmes will be vital, not only for our international image but also puts us a notch up in competitiveness.”

Great opportunities

Universiti Malaya Business and Accountancy Faculty deputy dean (Research and Development) Dr Edward Wong, who attended the forum said: “ACCA has provided many great opportunities for our students, particularly in terms of industry collaboration.”

He said that it was always good to collaborate with relevant industries to upgrade themselves with the latest developments.

Another participant, Multimedia University lecturer Samuel Jebaraj Benjamin said that he enjoyed sharing his views and listening to the opinions of others.

“I also came to hear what the the experts had to say with the many challenges ahead.”

Benjamin added that he hoped the government would participate more actively in making Malaysia become an education hub for especially in the field of accountancy.

The day-long forum addressed several issues, such as the safety and security of foreign students living in Malaysia and whether they should be allowed to stay back for work experience after they graduate.

There was also room for discussion on teaching methods at another session themed “Developing Professional Accountants: Bridging the gaps between academia and business”.

Sunway University College executive director Elizabeth Lee, who was one of the panelists said that “the method of teaching in Malaysia has to change”.

“With so much to study from the textbook, we are spoonfeeding our students, but are we infusing thinking in our teaching? Where is their room for thinking?”

The right focus

She said that it was important for students to be involved in the community, regardless of the courses they were taking, as this would help in their character- building, which was important when students started working.

ACCA Asia Pacific Education head Rhys Johnson, who was among the speakers present, spoke on “the role and value of accounting technicians in developing the accountancy profession worldwide”.

Rhys said that employers should focus on the skills of their potential employees and what they can do, rather than focusing on their academic backgrounds.

“It is good to get graduates from varied backgrounds, because you tend to get different viewpoints which is good for the company.”

However, he did not dismiss the importance of examinations.

“Exams are a benchmark to show that they have the required academic knowledge.”

With so many possible routes into the accountancy field, and input from academics and professionals alike, the forum ended on the right note with ACCA Malaysia pledging to work closely with institutions of higher learning.

“We really want to work with public and private education institutions to provide exemptions for students, and try to align the syllabus to make sure they get the most out of their course, so a forum like this definitely helps, in terms of looking at what each of us needs to work on,” said Lopez.

She added that graduates were the ambassadors of an institution, and the quality of its graduates would in effect reflect the standing and credibility of the institution.

7 Langkah Untuk Mencapai Matlamat & Kejayaan
www.iluvislam.com
Dihantar oleh: are-cik_nmr
Editor: RosNiza Abdullah

Artikel motivasi ini menjelaskan langkah-langkah, cara-cara, kaedah-kaedah, strategi-strategi, teknik-teknik, tip-tip, panduan-panduan atau rahsia-rahsia mencapai matlamat dan kejayaan yang anda impikan.

Untuk mencapai matlamat anda dan berjaya dalam kehidupan, anda mestilah membina suatu kebiasaan berdasarkan langkah-langkah yang telah terbukti keberkesanannya seperti berikut:

1. Wujudkan Keinginan Anda Sebesar Mungkin

Keinginan tersebut mestilah yang benar-benar anda idamkan.

Bagaimana menyemarakkan keinginan anda?

Duduk dan tulis semua keinginan anda. Nyatakan faedah-faedah dan kebaikan-kebaikan mencapai segala keinginan anda itu. Fikir dan tulislah sepuas-puasnya. Apabila senarai anda menjangkau 50 hingga 100, suatu bentuk perasaan atau semangat pada diri anda akan timbul. Teruskan. Anda akan mula menjadi lebih bersemangat. Jika anda terus menulis dan menghayati segala matlamat anda itu, semangat anda akan bertambah menyala, berapi-api!

2. Tuliskan Matlamat-Matlamat Anda

TULIS matlamat-matlamat anda di atas sehelai kertas. Jika anda tidak tulis, ia hanya akan menjadi angan-angan sahaja. Salinkannya ke dalam Buku Matlamat anda. Ini PENTING, kerana dengan berbuat demikian, ia akan menjadi perkara yang penting bagi anda. Dengan berbuat demikian juga, ia akan mula meresap ke dalam minda separa sedar anda.

3. Tetapkan Bila dan Tempoh Pencapaian Matlamat Anda

TETAPKAN bila matlamat tersebut mesti anda capai. Kaji tahap atau kedudukan anda sekarang berbanding dengan apa yang anda inginkan. Kira dan tentukan berapa banyak masa yang anda perlukan untuk mencapai matlamat anda itu.

4. Tangani Halangan

Kenalpastikan halangan-halangan yang perlu anda atasi. Seterusnya tumpukan kepada usaha mendapat bantuan; bantuan yang anda akan perlukan untuk mencapai matlamat anda - misalnya pengetahuan, pakar-pakar, penasihat-penasihat atau badan-badan tertentu.
5. Buat Perancangan

Gunakan semua butir pada langkah 3 dan 4.

RANCANGKAN tindakan-tindakan anda. Senaraikan semua aktiviti mengikut susunan keutamaannya. Perbaiki senarai anda; optimumkannya, sempurnakannya.

Ingatlah pesan Peter Drucker, seorang guru pengurusan yang pernah berkata: Cara terbaik meramal masa hadapan ialah dengan meWUJUDkannya. (The best way to predict the future is to create it).

6. Gambarkan Kejayaan Pada Minda Anda

Letakkan suatu Studio Filem di minda anda! Bayangkan satu GAMBARAN MENTAL yang anda telah berjaya mencapainya. Buat imej minda yang jelas dan terang pada mata minda anda. Mainkan gambaran itu berulang-ulang atau berkali-kali di fikiran anda.

Ingatlah bahawa: "Orang yang berjaya dalam hidup adalah orang yang nampak tujuannya dengan jelas dan menjurus kepadanya tanpa menyimpang." - Cecil B. DeMille.

Ingatlah juga kata Mahatma Gandhi: Seseorang itu adalah hasil dari fikirannya. Apa yang dia fikir, itulah yang dia akan menjadi".

7. Baki 90% Adalah Usaha dan Keazaman Anda

Sokong rancangan anda dengan KEAZAMAN (Resolve) dan SEMANGAT TIDAK MENGENAL PUTUS ASA (Persistence).

Tekadkan semangat.

Tumpukan kepada kejayaan.

Fokuskan segala perhatian dan tenaga anda untuk mencapai segala matlamat anda pada waktu yang anda sendiri tetapkan.

Bulatkan hati dan fikiran.

Jangan sekali-kali berputus asa terhadap sebarang cabaran.

Lakukanlah tindakan-tindakan proaktif dan produktif. InsyaAllah, dengan diiringi doa, keazaman, disiplin yang tinggi serta usaha gigih, anda akan mencapai apa juga matlamat yang anda ingini dan impikan.

NEW FRS TO BE LEARN -COMPALSORY

MASB issues three new FRS

KUALA LUMPUR: The Malaysian Accounting Standards Board (MASB) has issued three new financial reporting standards (FRS) and two interpretations relating to financial instruments.

In a statement issued on Monday, MASB said the new FRSs and interpretations are FRS4 Insurance Contracts, FRS 7 Financial Instruments and FRS 8 Operating Segments.

The interpretations are related to the reassessment of embedded derivatives and interim financial reporting and impairment.

These will take effect from Jan 2010 while the FRS 8 will be effective on or before July 1, 2009.

MASB executive director Dr Nordin Mohd Zain said this was the first of the series of standards issued after the announcement of Malaysia’s convergence plan with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in 2012.

IFRS are standards and interpretations adopted by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).

In August this year, the MASB and its trustees, the Financial Reportuing Foundation, announced the plan to have the full convergence with the IFRS by Jan 1, 2012.

“The move will help place Malaysia’s capital market and companies on the same level playing field with the international markets,” it said.

BASIC FOR ACCOUNT STUDENT

The Malaysian Institute of Certified Public Accountants (MICPA), which was established in 1958, is another accountancy body that is involved in the training and development of accountants in Malaysia.^[3] Apart from that, accountancy bodies from the Commonwealth countries such as the Association of Certified Chartered Accountants (ACCA), Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA), the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW), the Institute of Chartered Accountants in Australia (ICAA) and CPA Australia are also active in training and developing Malaysians towards attaining professional accountancy qualifications.Accounting courses are offered both by the public and private higher education institutions in Malaysia. Presently, accountancy degree from 11 institutions of higher learning are recognised for the purpose of admission to the membership of MIA. ^[4] Some of the institution of higher learnings also offer programmes leading towards attaining professional accountancy qualifications such as ACCA, CIMA, ICAEW and MICPA.

Accounting standards are issued by the Malaysian Accounting Standards Board (MASB) by virtue of the power conferred by the Financial Reporting Act, 1997.^[5] The Financial Reporting Act also establishes the Financial Reporting Foundation, which is the body that is responsible to oversee MASB's performance and financial arrangement. ^[6]

The MASB had announced the effort to bring Malaysia to be in full convergence with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) by 2012. ^[7

As at 30 June 2008, there are 1,348 firms which are offering auditing services and another 650 firms providing other accountancy related services. ^[2] Most of the global accounting firms such as Ernst & Young, Deloitte, KMPG, PricewaterhouseCoopers, BDO, Howarth and Grant Thornton have their presence in Malaysia.

Accounting firms have to be registered with MIA and members of MIA who wish to offer public practice services should also possess practising certificate issue by MIA. However, specific approvals should be obtained to provide the following services:

• Audit of limited companies; approval to be obtained from the Ministry of Finance and firms should be registered with the Companies Commission Malaysia
• Audit of co-operative societies; approval to be obtained from the Malaysia Co-operative Society Commission
• Audit of banks and financial institutions; approval to be obtained from Bank Negara Malaysia
• Tax agent services, approval to be obtained from the Inland Revenue Board
• Receivership and liquidation services; approval to be obtained from the Ministry of Finance
• Financial planning; approval to be obtained from the Securities Commission Malaysia